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	<title>肝功能異常 &#8211; Happy GI life</title>
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	<description>大家好，我是胃腸肝膽科 賴佳業醫師，在這裡與您分享醫療新知與經驗，一起腸保健康^_^</description>
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		<title>超音波發現肝臟有陰影要注意什麼?</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/liver-nodules/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Aug 2021 14:14:16 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[肝炎保健]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[肝功能異常]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[肝炎]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[肝臟陰影]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[脂肪肝]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://chiayehlai.com/?p=1754</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[「醫師說我腹部超音波檢查發現肝臟有陰影？有結節？有水泡？這代&#8230;]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading">「醫師說我腹部超音波檢查發現<strong>肝臟有陰影</strong>？有結節？有水泡？這代表我肝臟長不好的東西嗎？要怎麼辦？」</h1>



<p style="font-size:18px">肝臟的病灶(就是所謂的肝臟有陰影或是結節)常常是在腹部超音波檢查時意外發現，若沒有肝膽胰相關疾病或癌症病史，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">大部分的肝臟病灶都屬於良性的腫瘤或是水泡</span>，無需特別擔心。當肝臟有病灶時，建議找肝膽腸胃科醫師諮詢，根據個別狀況進行風險評估，必要時須安排電腦斷層(CT)、核磁共振(MRI)或是切片檢查。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-wide"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">肝臟的病灶(肝臟有陰影)可以分為三大類：「<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">良性腫瘤</span>」、「<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">水泡</span>」、「<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">惡性腫瘤</span>」</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="533" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?resize=1024%2C533&#038;ssl=1" alt="FLL分類" class="wp-image-1756" title="超音波發現肝臟有陰影要注意什麼?" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?resize=1024%2C533&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?resize=300%2C156&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?resize=768%2C400&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?resize=1536%2C800&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?resize=1170%2C609&amp;ssl=1 1170w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?resize=585%2C305&amp;ssl=1 585w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/FLL%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E.jpg?w=1903&amp;ssl=1 1903w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">肝臟的良性腫瘤(benign tumor)</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">1. 肝臟<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">血管瘤</span></strong>(hepatic hemangioma)：<span style="text-decoration: underline;">血管瘤是肝臟最常見的良性腫瘤</span>，超音波即可診斷，大約5%-20%的人都有，血管瘤在超音波下有典型的均質高回聲表現(homogenous hyperechoic)， <span style="text-decoration: underline;">無症狀的血管瘤不需要特別處理或治療</span>，若有肝膽胰相關疾病或是大於3公分的血管瘤則可以考慮做CT或是MRI排除其他可能的診斷。</p>



<p style="font-size:17px">2. 肝臟<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">局部結節性增生</span></strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">(</span>focal nodular hyperplasia, FNH): 局部結節性增生是肝臟第二常見的良性腫瘤，大約0.4%-3%的人有，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">90%發生在女性</span>，局部結節性增生在超音波下大部分為低回聲(hypoechoic)表現，但也有可能以高回聲(hyperechoic)做表現，當懷疑有局部結節性增生時，需安排CT或是MRI檢查，大於3公分的局部結節性增生則建議做肝臟切片。當肝臟病灶確定為局部結節性增生時，跟血管瘤一樣，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">不需要特別處理或治療</span>。</p>



<p style="font-size:17px">3. 肝臟<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">腺瘤</span></strong>(hepatic adenoma): 腺瘤屬於較罕見的良性腫瘤，大約只有0.001%-0.004%的盛行率，大部分發生在<span style="text-decoration: underline;">女性</span>，與<span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">長期服用避孕藥</span>和<span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">類固醇</span>有關，腺瘤在超音波下可能以低回聲(hypoechoic)或高回聲(hyperechoic)做表現，當懷疑有局部結節性增生時，需安排CT或是MRI檢查。與血管瘤和局部結節性增生不同，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">腺瘤有轉變為惡性腫瘤或破裂出血的可能</span>，因此當肝臟病灶確定為腺瘤時，在男性不管腺瘤多大都建議手術切除；在女性如果追蹤發現腺瘤逐漸變大或是大於5公分，都建議手術切除。</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">肝臟的水泡(cystic lesion)</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">肝臟的水泡跟血管瘤差不多常見，約15%-18%的人有，水泡在超音波下呈現平滑的邊緣並有無回聲(anechoic)表現，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">無症狀的肝臟水泡不需要特別處理或治療</span>，但如果因為水泡太大導致有腹痛、腹脹等症狀時，可以考慮做抽吸合併硬化治療或外科手術。</p>



<p style="font-size:17px">當肝臟水泡有不平整的邊緣、增厚的邊緣或水泡內有隔膜時，建議要定期追蹤，必要時安排CT或是MRI檢查，以排除囊狀腫瘤(cystic tumor)的可能。</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">肝臟的惡性腫瘤(malignant tumor)</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px"><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">肝癌</span></strong>是肝臟最常見的惡性腫瘤，<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">膽管癌</span></strong>次之，如果有肝膽胰相關疾病(例如：慢性肝炎、慢性胰臟炎等)或其他癌症病史時，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">大於1公分的肝臟腫瘤都須考慮做CT或是MRI</span>，若有<strong>體重減輕</strong>或是<strong>腫瘤指數</strong>(AFP、CEA、CA-199等)<strong>升高</strong>的情形，更是要盡早安排檢查。</p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-style-default is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻:</p><p>1. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of benign liver tumours<br>Journal of Hepatology 2016 vol. 65 j 386–398</p><p>2. ACG Clinical Guideline: The Diagnosis and Management of Focal Liver Lesions<br>Am J Gastroenterol advance online publication, 19 August 2014</p></blockquote>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1754</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>肝功能異常要注意什麼?</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/lftimpair/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Jul 2021 05:43:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[肝炎保健]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[精選文章]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[肝功能異常]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[肝炎]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pencidesign.com/soledad/soledad-hipster/?p=229</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[「醫師，我肝功能報告是紅色的，是不是代表我肝壞掉了，跟常熬夜&#8230;]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading">「醫師，我<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">肝功能報告</span>是<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">紅色</span>的，是不是代表我肝壞掉了，跟常熬夜有沒有關係?還是得了肝癌!?該怎麼辦?」</h1>



<p class="has-drop-cap" style="font-size:18px">健檢或例行檢查發現肝功能異常(無症狀)並不少見，首先要做的是<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">諮詢肝膽腸胃科醫師</span></strong>的建議，<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">找出肝功能上升的原因</span></strong>，千萬不要第一時間只買保肝營養品或保肝藥品，試圖降低肝功能而延誤了找出潛在病因的時間。</p>



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<h2 class="has-text-align-center wp-block-heading">肝功能異常的原因有很多，常見的有下列幾大類:<img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="550" height="548" class="wp-image-1567" style="width: 550px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LFIcause.jpg?resize=550%2C548&#038;ssl=1" alt="LFIcause" title="肝功能異常要注意什麼?" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LFIcause.jpg?w=1082&amp;ssl=1 1082w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LFIcause.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LFIcause.jpg?resize=1024%2C1021&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LFIcause.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LFIcause.jpg?resize=768%2C766&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LFIcause.jpg?resize=585%2C583&amp;ssl=1 585w" sizes="(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px" /></h2>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#efefef;font-size:17px">1. <strong>病毒性肝炎:</strong> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">台灣是B型肝炎的盛行區 (15%-20%)</span>，C型肝炎也有一定比例 (4%)，肝功能上升<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">必須先排除有無B/C型肝炎</span></strong>，若有衛生條件不佳地區的旅遊史，A型肝炎也必須考慮其中。<br>2. <strong>酒精性肝炎</strong>: 有長期飲酒習慣 (每日攝取酒精量 男性大於30克，女性大於20克)。<br>3.<strong> 脂肪肝</strong>: 常合併<span style="text-decoration: underline;">代謝症候群</span>、<span style="text-decoration: underline;">糖尿病</span>、<span style="text-decoration: underline;">肥胖</span>等，台灣盛行率約30%-40%，而且有越來越高的趨勢。<br>4. <strong>藥物引起的肝炎</strong>: 常見的有降血脂藥物、抗癲癇藥物、抗生素、抗結核病藥物、化療藥物等。<br>5. <strong>保健食品、中草藥、偏方引起的肝炎</strong>: 標示不明的保健食品、草藥或是民俗療法的偏方都要特別留意。<br>6. <strong>自體免疫肝炎:</strong> 自體免疫肝炎在台灣並不多見，通常在上述檢查找不出原因時才考慮檢驗。<br>7. <strong>少數罕見疾病:</strong> 如威爾氏症 <em>(Wilson’s disease)</em>、乳糜瀉 <em>(celiac disease)</em>等，歐美白人的盛行率較高，在台灣很罕見，在上述檢查找不出原因時才考慮檢驗。<br>8. <strong>膽結石</strong>: 若有腹脹，輕微右上腹痛，吃東西後症狀較明顯，需考慮是否有膽結石相關的疾病。</p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻: </p><p>1. Guidelines on the management of abnormal liver blood tests<br>Newsome PN, et al. Gut 2018;67:6–19.</p><p>2. ACG Clinical Guideline: Evaluation of Abnormal Liver Chemistries<br>Am J Gastroenterol 2017; 112:18–35</p></blockquote>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ffe2ce;font-size:18px"><strong>相關文章: <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/cirrhosis/">肝硬化的併發症</a></strong>｜<strong><a href="https://chiayehlai.com/fatty_liver/">肝包油怎麼辦?</a></strong></p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">229</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>什麼是肝包油!?該怎麼辦?</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/fatty_liver/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Jul 2021 05:45:02 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[肝炎保健]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[精選文章]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[肝功能異常]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[肝炎]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[脂肪肝]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pencidesign.com/soledad/soledad-hipster/?p=237</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[脂肪肝是一種脂肪堆積在肝臟的疾病，也就是台語常說的「肝包油」&#8230;]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading">脂肪肝是一種<strong>脂肪堆積在肝臟的疾病</strong>，也就是台語常說的「<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">肝包油</span></strong>」，當超過5%肝臟有脂肪變性(steatosis)時，就表示有脂肪肝。根據統計，越先進的國家脂肪肝盛行率通常越高(北美、歐洲、澳洲等)，其中<strong>台灣</strong>脂肪肝盛行率更<strong>超過30%</strong>!</h1>



<p class="has-drop-cap has-medium-font-size"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="800" height="450" class="wp-image-1487" style="width: 800px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?resize=800%2C450&#038;ssl=1" alt="fatty liver percentage" title="什麼是肝包油!?該怎麼辦?" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?resize=1170%2C658&amp;ssl=1 1170w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-percentage.jpg?resize=585%2C329&amp;ssl=1 585w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"></p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-wide"/>



<h2 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading">脂肪肝的成因包含三種因素「<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">基因</span>」、「<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">代謝症候群</span>」和「<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">環境因素</span>」，大部分脂肪肝與<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">代謝症候群合併肥胖</span></span>最相關。</h2>



<h4 class="has-text-align-center wp-block-heading"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="350" height="348" class="wp-image-1480" style="width: 350px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-factors.jpg?resize=350%2C348&#038;ssl=1" alt="fatty liver factors" title="什麼是肝包油!?該怎麼辦?" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-factors.jpg?w=742&amp;ssl=1 742w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-factors.jpg?resize=300%2C298&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-factors.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-factors.jpg?resize=585%2C581&amp;ssl=1 585w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /></h4>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">如何診斷脂肪肝?</h2>



<p style="font-size:18px">脂肪肝可經由腹部超音波診斷，精確判斷脂肪肝嚴重程度則需要靠肝臟核磁共振(MRI)、肝臟纖維掃描(Fibroscan)或肝臟切片(liver biopsy)。<br>大部分脂肪肝都沒有症狀，長期脂肪肝有可能導致慢性肝炎(脂肪肝合併肝功能升高)，慢性肝炎久了則會演變成肝硬化甚至肝癌，因此<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">脂肪肝必須定期追蹤，不可輕忽</span>!</strong></p>



<p class="has-text-align-center" style="font-size:18px"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="650" height="169" class="wp-image-1481" style="width: 650px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-stage.jpg?resize=650%2C169&#038;ssl=1" alt="fatty liver stage" title="什麼是肝包油!?該怎麼辦?" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-stage.jpg?w=1184&amp;ssl=1 1184w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-stage.jpg?resize=300%2C78&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-stage.jpg?resize=1024%2C266&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-stage.jpg?resize=768%2C199&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-stage.jpg?resize=1170%2C303&amp;ssl=1 1170w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fatty-liver-stage.jpg?resize=585%2C152&amp;ssl=1 585w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px" /></p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">如何治療脂肪肝?</h2>



<ul class="has-background wp-block-list" style="background:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 100%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);font-size:18px"><li><strong>戒酒</strong>: 長期飲酒會讓脂肪更容易沉積於肝臟</li><li><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-black-color">減重</span></strong>: <span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color"><strong>脂肪肝最好的治療方法</strong></span>，減少<strong>5%-10%體重</strong>有助於緩解脂肪肝(脂肪肝炎)</li><li><strong>飲食調整</strong>: 減少澱粉及油脂攝取，選擇蛋白質含量較高的食物</li><li><strong>運動&amp;重量訓練</strong>: 運動有助於增加熱量消耗，重量訓練有助於增加基礎代謝率</li><li><strong>藥物</strong>: 目前沒有可以有效治療脂肪肝的藥物，部分研究顯示維他命E、魚油、PPARγ agonist<strong> </strong>(治療糖尿病藥物)可能有幫助但效果有限；近期越來越多研究顯示<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>使用GLP-1針劑減重</strong>可以有效減緩脂肪肝</span>，也許再過一陣子GLP-1針劑就可以用在治療脂肪肝了!!!<br>對GLP-1針劑有興趣，可以參考之前<a href="https://chiayehlai.com/glp1/">Ozempic藥物介紹文章</a>喔!</li></ul>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻:</p><p>1. Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention<br>Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Jan;15(1):11-20.</p><p>2. EASL–EASD–EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease<br>Journal of Hepatology 2016 vol. 64 j 1388–1402</p><p>3. The Diagnosis and Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Practice Guidance From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases<br>HEPATOLOGY, VOL. 67, NO. 1, 2018</p></blockquote>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ffecde;font-size:18px"><strong>相關文章:<br>1. <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/ozempic-case/">OZEMPIC胰妥讚(SEMAGLUTIDE)治療脂肪肝、改善血糖和糖化血色素</a><br>2. <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/lftimpair/">肝功能異常要注意什麼?</a></strong></p>
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