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	<title>腸躁症 &#8211; Happy GI life</title>
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	<description>大家好，我是胃腸肝膽科 賴佳業醫師，在這裡與您分享醫療新知與經驗，一起腸保健康^_^</description>
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		<title>腸躁症的低腹敏飲食 low FODMAP diet</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/low-fodmap-diet/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Sep 2021 07:24:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[腸胃不適]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[腸躁症]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[腹痛]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[腹脹]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[全台灣約250萬人有腸躁症的問題，腸躁症不僅會讓人身體不適，影響工作、社交，也會讓心情鬱悶，大大降低生活品質。治療腸躁症除了藥物之外，飲食也是一大重點，其中，最重要的就是低腹敏飲食(low FODMAP diet)。低腹敏飲食是第一線治療腸躁症的方式，其原理是藉由避免特定經消化後容易產氣的食物，來改善腹痛、腹脹及腹瀉問題。68%-86%的腸躁症患者可以藉由低腹敏飲食來改善症狀。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading">全台灣約250萬人有腸躁症的問題，腸躁症不僅會讓人身體不適，影響工作、社交，也會讓心情鬱悶，大大降低生活品質。治療腸躁症除了藥物之外，飲食也是一大重點，其中，最重要的就是<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">低腹敏飲食</span>(low FODMAP diet)。</h1>



<p style="font-size:17px"><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">低腹敏飲食</span></strong>是第一線治療腸躁症的方式，其原理是藉由避免特定經消化後容易產氣的食物，來改善腹痛、腹脹及腹瀉問題。<span style="text-decoration: underline;">68%-86%的腸躁症患者可以藉由低腹敏飲食來改善症狀</span>。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-wide"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">什麼是低腹敏飲食?</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">腹敏飲食FODMAP diet代表五大類食物，分別為</p>



<p style="font-size:17px"><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">F</span></strong>: Fermentable 可發酵<br><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">O</span></strong>: Oligosaccharides 寡醣、半寡糖<br><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">D</span></strong>: Disaccharides 雙醣(蔗糖、乳糖)<br><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">M</span></strong>: Monosaccharides 單醣(果糖)<br><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">A</span></strong>nd<strong> <span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">P</span></strong>: Polyols 多元醇</p>



<p style="font-size:17px">如果上述成分含量高，就稱為高腹敏飲食；含量低則為低腹敏飲食。<br>一般來說豆類、小麥製品、乳製品都屬於高腹敏食物，須盡量避免。<br><em><span class="has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color">(腹敏飲食分類較多，可以善用google「低腹敏飲食」做查詢)</span></em></p>



<figure class="wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"><ul class="blocks-gallery-grid"><li class="blocks-gallery-item"><figure><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="568" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?resize=1024%2C568&#038;ssl=1" alt="low FODMAP diet" data-id="1849" data-full-url="https://chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg" data-link="https://chiayehlai.com/?attachment_id=1849" class="wp-image-1849" title="腸躁症的低腹敏飲食 low FODMAP diet" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?resize=1024%2C568&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?resize=768%2C426&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?resize=1536%2C851&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?resize=1170%2C648&amp;ssl=1 1170w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?resize=585%2C324&amp;ssl=1 585w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/low-FODMAP-diet.jpg?w=1826&amp;ssl=1 1826w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure></li></ul></figure>



<hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-wide"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">如何進行低腹敏飲食?</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">低腹敏飲食分三個階段(RIP)進行，分別為</p>



<p style="font-size:17px"><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">R</span></strong>&#8211; <span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">restriction</span>，完全低腹敏期，只吃低腹敏食物持續2-6週<br><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">I</span></strong>&#8211; <span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">introduction</span>，重新適應期，逐項嘗試高腹敏食物8-12週(一次只嘗試一種高腹敏食物)<br><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color">P</span></strong>&#8211; <span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color">personalization</span>，個人化期，找到最適合你的食物，持續食用</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="1024" height="301" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?resize=1024%2C301&#038;ssl=1" alt="低腹敏飲食步驟RIP" class="wp-image-1852" title="腸躁症的低腹敏飲食 low FODMAP diet" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?resize=1024%2C301&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?resize=300%2C88&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?resize=768%2C226&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?resize=1536%2C451&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?resize=1170%2C344&amp;ssl=1 1170w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?resize=585%2C172&amp;ssl=1 585w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/RIP.jpg?w=1817&amp;ssl=1 1817w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ecedee;font-size:18px">雖然低腹敏飲食對控制腸躁症有很大的幫助，但因為食物分類複雜、限制嚴格，也會影響社交生活(太多的飲食限制)，執行上多少會有難度。</p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻:</p><p>1. https://www.monashfodmap.com/</p></blockquote>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ffe6d4;font-size:18px"><strong>相關文章:<br>1. <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/irritable-bowel-syndrome/" data-type="URL" data-id="https://chiayehlai.com/irritable-bowel-syndrome/">什麼是腸躁症IBS? (IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME)</a></strong></p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1847</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>什麼是腸躁症IBS? (irritable bowel syndrome)</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/irritable-bowel-syndrome/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 04 Sep 2021 08:01:36 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[腸胃不適]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[便祕]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[腸躁症]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[腹瀉]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[腹痛]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://chiayehlai.com/?p=1839</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[腸躁症是一種「慢性」的「功能性腸道障礙」，目前造成腸躁症的確切原因還不清楚，可能與基因、先天腸道菌叢、神經系統以及壓力有關。全球約有11%的人有腸躁症，30%的人曾經因為腸躁症的症狀就醫，超過70%的腸躁症會在50歲以前被診斷，女性有較高的機會患有腸躁症，大約是男性的2倍。雖然腸躁症會讓人生活品質下降，心情變差，但並不會增加死亡的風險。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading">「長期反覆腹痛、脹氣，有時候便祕，有時候拉肚子，做了好多檢查，包括胃鏡和大腸鏡都沒有問題，醫師說我可能是<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">腸躁症</span>(IBS, irritable bowel syndrome)，到底腸躁症是什麼呢?」</h1>



<p style="font-size:17px"><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">腸躁症</span></strong>是一種「<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">慢性</span></strong>」的「<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">功能性腸道障礙</span></strong>」(chronic functional GI disorder)，目前造成腸躁症的確切原因還不清楚，可能與基因、先天腸道菌叢、神經系統以及壓力有關。全球約有<strong>11%的人有腸躁症</strong>，<strong>30%的人曾經因為腸躁症的症狀就醫</strong>，超過70%的腸躁症會在50歲以前被診斷，女性有較高的機會患有腸躁症，大約是男性的2倍。值得注意的是，雖然腸躁症會讓人生活品質下降，心情變差，但並<span style="text-decoration: underline;">不會增加死亡的風險</span>。</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-wide"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">如何診斷腸躁症IBS?</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">根據ROME IV定義，<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">有症狀超過6個月</span></strong>，<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">最近3個月內反覆性腹痛</span></strong>，且<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">平均每週至少發生1天以上</span></strong>，同時合併下列2項以上症狀即可診斷腸躁症：</p>



<ol class="wp-block-list" style="font-size:17px"><li><strong>腹痛與排便有關</strong></li><li><strong>排便的頻率改變</strong>，例如：本來3天一次變天三次</li><li><strong>排便的型態改變</strong>，例如：大便變軟、變硬、變水</li></ol>



<hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-wide"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">腸躁症IBS的分類</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">腸躁症依據糞便型態可以分為四種，分別為IBS-D、IBS-C、IBS-M以及IBS-U <br>(<em>D-diarrhea，C-constipation，M-mixed，U-unspecific)</em></p>



<ol class="wp-block-list" style="font-size:17px"><li>IBS-D：以腹瀉為主 (type 1/2)</li><li>IBS-C：以便祕為主 (type 5/6)</li><li>IBS-M：時而便祕時而腹瀉 (type 1/2 and 5/6)</li><li>IBS-U：各種型態的糞便都有 (type 1-6)</li></ol>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="424" height="487" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/IBS-stool.jpg?resize=424%2C487&#038;ssl=1" alt="腸躁症大便型態分類" class="wp-image-1841" title="什麼是腸躁症IBS? (irritable bowel syndrome)" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/IBS-stool.jpg?w=424&amp;ssl=1 424w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/IBS-stool.jpg?resize=261%2C300&amp;ssl=1 261w" sizes="(max-width: 424px) 100vw, 424px" /></figure></div>



<hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-wide"/>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">如何治療腸躁症IBS?</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">根據2021年美國胃腸病學院ACG治療指引，腸躁症可以由幾個面向著手治療：</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">1. 改變飲食型態</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list" style="font-size:16px"><li>嘗試<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">低腹敏飲食</span></strong>(<strong>low FODMAP diet</strong>)</li><li>攝取<strong>可溶性纖維</strong>(soluble fiber)(果膠、植物膠、黏膠等)</li><li><strong>薄荷</strong>可減緩腸躁症症狀</li></ul>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">2. 藥物</h3>



<ul class="wp-block-list" style="font-size:16px"><li>針對腹脹、腹瀉、便祕給予適度的止瀉軟便藥物</li><li><strong>三環憂鬱劑</strong>(TCA): 適合所有型態的腸躁症</li><li>抗生素<strong>rifaximin</strong>、5-HT3拮抗劑(<strong>alosetron</strong>)、mixed opioid agnoists/antagonists(<strong>Eluxadoline</strong>): 適合IBS-D <br>(但目前台灣還沒有這些藥物可以使用)</li><li>5-HT4拮抗劑(<strong>tegaserod</strong>): 適合IBS-C <br>(但目前台灣還沒有這個藥物可以使用)</li></ul>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">3. 目前醫學證據仍無法支持使用糞便移植(fecal transplant)來治療腸躁症</h3>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">4. 益生菌可能對緩解腸躁症有幫助</h3>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ededed;font-size:17px">雖然<span style="text-decoration: underline;">腸躁症並不會增加死亡的風險</span>，但如果有<strong>解血便/黑便</strong>、<strong>體重減輕</strong>、<strong>年紀超過50歲</strong>、<strong>大腸癌家族史</strong>、<strong>發炎性腸道疾病家族史</strong>、<strong>貧血</strong>、<strong>糞便潛血陽性</strong>等警訊時，務必要及早就醫以排除其他疾病的可能。</p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻:</p><p>1. ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome<br>Am J Gastroenterol 2021;116:17–44.</p><p>2. The epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome<br>Clinical Epidemiology 2014:6 71–80</p></blockquote>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ffebdc;font-size:18px"><strong>相關文章:<br>1. <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/hp/" data-type="URL" data-id="https://chiayehlai.com/hp/">長期胃痛脹氣-小心是幽門螺旋桿菌惹的禍</a></strong><br><strong>2. <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/low-fodmap-diet/" data-type="URL" data-id="https://chiayehlai.com/low-fodmap-diet/">腸躁症的低腹敏飲食 LOW FODMAP DIET</a></strong></p>
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