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	<title>食道癌 &#8211; Happy GI life</title>
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	<description>大家好，我是胃腸肝膽科 賴佳業醫師，在這裡與您分享醫療新知與經驗，一起腸保健康^_^</description>
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		<title>早期食道癌免開刀-可以用內視鏡治療</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/ecatreatment/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Jul 2021 05:41:16 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[胃鏡大腸鏡]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[內視鏡]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[早期癌篩檢]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[食道癌]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pencidesign.com/soledad/soledad-hipster/?p=217</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[食道癌是台灣的第十大癌症，因為早期症狀不明顯，當有吐血、吞嚥&#8230;]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading"><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">食道癌是台灣的第十大癌症</span>，因為<strong>早期症狀不明顯</strong>，當有吐血、吞嚥困難或體重減輕等症狀時，常常都已經是晚期，但如果能提高警覺，早期診斷，就有機會用內視鏡將腫瘤切除，不需進行外科手術。</h1>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">食道癌的分期</h2>



<p style="font-size:18px">食道癌可以依照<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">腫瘤侵犯食道的深度</span></strong>、<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">局部淋巴結轉移數量</span></strong>及<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">遠端器官轉移</span></strong>三個面向做分期(T/N/M)。</p>



<p style="font-size:17px">Tis: 食道高度分化不良的組織 (深度不超過basement membrane)<br>T1a: 侵犯到食道黏膜層 (lamina propria or muscularis mucosa)<br>T1b: 侵犯到食道黏膜下層 (submucosa)<br>T2: 侵犯到食道黏膜肌層 (muscularis propria)<br>T3: 侵犯到食道外膜 (adventitia)<br>T4: 侵犯到食道周圍的器官</p>



<p class="has-text-align-center" style="font-size:17px"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="600" height="388" class="wp-image-1674" style="width: 600px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ecastage.jpg?resize=600%2C388&#038;ssl=1" alt="ecastage" title="早期食道癌免開刀-可以用內視鏡治療" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ecastage.jpg?w=1151&amp;ssl=1 1151w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ecastage.jpg?resize=300%2C194&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ecastage.jpg?resize=1024%2C663&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ecastage.jpg?resize=768%2C497&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ecastage.jpg?resize=585%2C379&amp;ssl=1 585w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></p>



<p style="font-size:17px">N0: 沒有局部淋巴結轉移<br>N1: 有1-2個局部淋巴結轉移<br>N2: 有3-6個局部淋巴結轉移<br>N3: 有超過7個局部淋巴結轉移</p>



<p style="font-size:17px">M0: 沒有遠端器官轉移<br>M1: 有遠端器官轉移</p>



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<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;font-size:18px">食道癌可以用<strong>放大內視鏡</strong>觀察腫瘤的血管型態以及<strong>內視鏡超音波</strong>評估腫瘤侵犯黏膜的深度，當腫瘤只侵犯到<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color"><strong>Tis、T1a</strong></span>及部分<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">T1b (SM1)</span></strong>，且沒有局部淋巴結或遠端器官轉移時，就可以用內視鏡將食道腫瘤切除!</p>



<p style="font-size:16px">◎ 其中T1b又可以根據腫瘤侵犯食道黏膜下層的深度分為SM1 (侵犯表淺黏膜下層，鱗狀上皮癌 &lt; 200 um；腺癌 &lt; 500 um)及SM2/SM3 (侵犯較深的黏膜下層)。因為SM2/SM3潛在淋巴轉移的機會較高(36%-55%)，所以還是建議用外科開刀將腫瘤及附近的淋巴結切除。</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading">治療食道癌的內視鏡選擇</h2>



<p style="font-size:17px">依照腫瘤大小、位置、侵犯深度的不同，可以用<span style="text-decoration: underline;">射頻灼燒術</span>(Radiofrequency ablation，RFA)、<span style="text-decoration: underline;">內視鏡黏膜切除術</span>(Endoscopic mucosal resection，EMR)或<span style="text-decoration: underline;">內視鏡黏膜下剝離術</span>(Endoscopic submucosal dissection，ESD)將腫瘤切除。</p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻:</p><p>1. Endoscopic options for early stage esophageal cancer<br>J Gastrointest Oncol 2015;6(1):20-30</p><p>2. Cancer of the Esophagus and Esophagogastric Junction: An Eighth Edition Staging Primer<br>Journal of Thoracic Oncology Vol. 12 No. 1: 36-42 (2016)</p><p>3. AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Utility of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in T1b Esophageal Cancer: Expert Review<br>Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2019;17:2161–2166</p></blockquote>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ffeee2;font-size:18px"><strong>相關文章:</strong><br>1.<strong> <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/dysphagia/">常常吞嚥困難是不是食道癌?</a></strong><br>2. <strong><a href="https://chiayehlai.com/hottea/">喝太燙的茶、咖啡、熱湯會不會造成食道癌?</a></strong></p>
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">217</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>喝太燙的茶、咖啡、熱湯會不會造成食道癌?</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/hottea/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Jul 2021 05:41:52 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[胃鏡大腸鏡]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[內視鏡]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[食道癌]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pencidesign.com/soledad/soledad-hipster/?p=219</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[台灣人喜歡喝熱茶，熱咖啡是很多人早上必喝的提神飲料，到底喝這&#8230;]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading">台灣人喜歡喝熱茶，熱咖啡是很多人早上必喝的提神飲料，到底喝這些燙口的飲料會不會增加食道癌的風險呢?</h1>



<p class="has-medium-font-size">要回答這個問題之前，我們先一起來看兩篇具有代表性的大型研究。</p>



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<p style="font-size:17px">2018年美國內科學年刊 (Annals of Internal Medicine)發表一篇中國45萬人追蹤9年的研究，研究發現<strong>每天喝熱茶(hot or burning hot)並不會增加食道癌的風險</strong>；但如果<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color">喝熱茶合併抽菸</span></strong>，食道癌的風險是沒有抽菸者的<span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color"><strong>1.56倍</strong></span>；如果<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color"><strong>喝</strong></span><strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color">熱茶合併喝酒</span></strong> (酒精攝取量每天大於15g)，食道癌的風險是沒有喝酒者的<span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color"><strong>2.27倍</strong></span>!因此，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">單喝熱茶本身並不是食道癌的危險因子，合併抽菸或喝酒才是主要原因!</span></p>



<p style="font-size:17px">2020年國際癌症期刊 (International Journal of Cancer)發表一篇伊朗5萬人追蹤10年的研究，研究發現喝溫度低於60度的茶，並不會增加食道癌的風險；但如果每天喝<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">溫度超過60度</span></strong>的茶<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">超過700c.c</span></strong>.，食道癌的風險是一般人的<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">1.95倍</span></strong>!因此，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">喝夠熱而且大量的茶是食道癌的危險因子</span>!</p>



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<h2 class="has-background wp-block-heading" style="background-color:#f6f6f6;font-size:18px">綜合以上兩篇研究可以發現，喝熱茶本身是不是食道癌的危險因子目前醫學界<strong>還沒有定論</strong>，只能說<strong>喝太多</strong>(每天超過700c.c)<strong>可能會增加風險</strong>，但可以確定的是，抽菸喝酒會增加食道癌的風險!</h2>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻:</p><p>1. Hot Tea Consumption and Its Interactions With Alcohol and Tobacco Use on the Risk for Esophageal Cancer<br>Annals of Internal Medicine • Vol. 168 No. 7 • 3 April 2018</p><p>2. A prospective study of tea drinking temperature and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma<br>Int. J. Cancer: 146, 18–25 (2020)</p></blockquote>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#ffe9d9;font-size:18px"><strong>相關文章:</strong><br>1.<strong> <a href="https://chiayehlai.com/dysphagia/">常常吞嚥困難是不是食道癌?</a></strong><br>2. <strong><a href="https://chiayehlai.com/ecatreatment/">早期食道癌免開刀-可以用內視鏡治療</a></strong></p>
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">219</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>常常吞嚥困難是不是食道癌?</title>
		<link>https://chiayehlai.com/dysphagia/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[賴佳業醫師｜腸胃｜健康｜減重]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Jul 2021 05:42:19 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[胃鏡大腸鏡]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[內視鏡]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[早期癌篩檢]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[食道癌]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pencidesign.com/soledad/soledad-hipster/?p=221</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[「吞嚥時覺得喉嚨卡卡的，喉嚨常常有異物感，看過幾次耳鼻喉科都&#8230;]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading"><strong>「吞嚥時覺得喉嚨卡卡的，喉嚨常常有異物感，看過幾次耳鼻喉科都說沒有問題，我是不</strong>是得了食道癌?」</h1>



<p style="font-size:18px">造成吞嚥困難的原因很多，常見的有<strong>「食道異物」</strong>、<strong>「胃食道逆流」</strong>、<strong>「藥物引起的食道炎」</strong>、<strong>「喝到強酸強鹼化學藥劑」</strong>、<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">「食道癌」</span></strong>、<strong>「自體免疫疾病相關」</strong>、<strong>「食道弛緩不能」</strong>、<strong>「食道痙攣」</strong>等，其中，<strong><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color">食道癌</span></strong>是讓人最擔心也是最容易忽略的疾病。</p>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading" style="font-size:18px">在台灣，<span style="text-decoration: underline;">食道癌是十大癌症之一</span>，發生率在所有癌症當中排名第10，<span class="has-inline-color has-black-color">男性</span><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color"><strong>發生率</strong></span><span class="has-inline-color has-black-color">是女性的</span><span class="has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color"><strong>14倍</strong></span><span class="has-inline-color has-black-color">，男性</span><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color"><strong>死亡率</strong></span><span class="has-inline-color has-black-color">也是女性的</span><span class="has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color"><strong>14倍</strong></span><span class="has-inline-color has-black-color">!</span></h2>



<h2 class="has-text-align-center wp-block-heading"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="750" height="394" class="wp-image-1651" style="width: 750px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/esophageal-cancer-risk.jpg?resize=750%2C394&#038;ssl=1" alt="esophageal cancer risk" title="常常吞嚥困難是不是食道癌?" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/esophageal-cancer-risk.jpg?w=918&amp;ssl=1 918w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/esophageal-cancer-risk.jpg?resize=300%2C158&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/esophageal-cancer-risk.jpg?resize=768%2C403&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/esophageal-cancer-risk.jpg?resize=585%2C307&amp;ssl=1 585w" sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px" /></h2>



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<p style="font-size:18px">食道癌好發於<strong>中年男性 (45-75歲)</strong>，大於55歲的比例超過8成。</p>



<p style="font-size:18px">食道癌分為<span style="text-decoration: underline;">鱗狀細胞癌 (squamous cell carcinoma)</span>和<span style="text-decoration: underline;">腺癌 (adenocarcinoma)</span>兩種；鱗狀細胞癌的危險因子有<strong>「抽菸」</strong>、<strong>「喝酒」</strong>、<strong>「吃檳榔」</strong>、<strong>「食道弛緩不能」</strong>、<strong>「曾經接受過電療」</strong>、<strong>「有口腔癌、頭頸癌病史」</strong>；腺癌的危險因子有<strong>「巴瑞特式食道」</strong>、<strong>「胃食道逆流」</strong>、<strong>「橫膈膜疝氣」</strong>、<strong>「肥胖」</strong>。</p>



<p class="has-text-align-center" style="font-size:18px"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="600" height="600" class="wp-image-1653" style="width: 600px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ECarisk.jpg?resize=600%2C600&#038;ssl=1" alt="ECarisk" title="常常吞嚥困難是不是食道癌?" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ECarisk.jpg?w=1080&amp;ssl=1 1080w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ECarisk.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ECarisk.jpg?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ECarisk.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ECarisk.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/chiayehlai.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ECarisk.jpg?resize=585%2C585&amp;ssl=1 585w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></p>



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<p class="has-background has-medium-font-size" style="background-color:#e6eaed">大部分的吞嚥困難和食道癌不相關，但如果<strong>年紀較大</strong>(&gt;55歲)，以及有上述<strong>危險因子</strong>，或有<strong>「體重減輕」</strong>、<strong>「吐血」</strong>或<strong>「嘔吐」</strong>等症狀，都建議及早接受胃鏡檢查!</p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>引用文獻:</p><p>1. World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guidelines &#8211; Dysphagia guideline 2014</p><p>2. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Assessment of Uninvestigated Esophageal Dysphagia<br>Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology, 2018, 1(1), 5–19</p></blockquote>



<p class="has-background" style="background-color:#fff1e6;font-size:18px"><strong>相關文章:<a href="https://chiayehlai.com/be/"> </a></strong><br>1. <strong><a href="https://chiayehlai.com/be/">長期胃食道逆流的併發症-巴瑞特氏食道 (BARRETT’S ESOPHAGUS)</a></strong><br>2.<strong><a href="https://chiayehlai.com/ecatreatment/"> 早期食道癌免開刀-可以用內視鏡治療</a></strong><br>3. <strong><a href="https://chiayehlai.com/hottea/">喝太燙的茶、咖啡、熱湯會不會造成食道癌?</a></strong></p>



<p></p>
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